Friday, February 8, 2008




Chapter 11 VocabularyGenetics



True-breeding-term used to describe organisms that produce offspring identicle to themselves if allowed to self pollinate. http://www.sparknotes.com/testprep/books/sat2/biology/chapter7section3.rhtml

























Trait-specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another. http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/genpsytraits.html








Hybrid-offspring of crosses between parents with differnt traits. http://www.sky-brids.com/hybrid%20genetics.htm






Gene- A hereditary unit consisting of a sequence of DNA that occupies a specific location on a chromosome and determines a particular characteristic in an organism. Genes undergo mutation when their DNA sequence changes.
http://www.kidshealth.org/kid/talk/qa/what_is_gene.html















Segregation- the separation of allelic genes into different gametes during meiosis. http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://anthro.palomar.edu/mendel/images/segregation_of_alleles.gif&imgrefurl=http://anthro.palomar.edu/mendel/mendel_1.htm&h=220&w=225&sz=4&hl=en&start=4&um=1&tbnid=DTbZWYIvjcPagM:&tbnh=106&tbnw=108&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dsegregation%2Bgenetics%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Doff%26sa%3DX



Gamete- A reproductive cell having the haploid number of chromosomes, especially a mature sperm or egg capable of fusing with a gamete of the opposite sex to produce the fertilized egg.
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.scienceaid.co.uk/biology/genetics2/images/gametes.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.scienceaid.co.uk/biology/genetics2/meiosis.html&h=350&w=561&sz=44&hl=en&start=13&um=1&tbnid=ikHSdTy7HgV7iM:&tbnh=83&tbnw=133&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dgamete%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Doff














Punnett Square- diagram showing the gene combinations that might result from a genetic cross. http://users.adelphia.net/~lubehawk/BioHELP!/psquare.htm

















Homozygous- having identical pairs of genes for any given pair of hereditary characteristics.
http://biology.about.com/od/geneticsglossary/g/homozygous.htm

















Heterozygous-Having different alleles at one or more corresponding chromosomal loci.
http://biology.about.com/od/geneticsglossary/g/heterozygous.htm















Phenotype-the appearance of an organism resulting from the interaction of the genotype and the environment. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genotype-phenotype_distinction

















Genotype-the genetic makeup of an organism or group of organisms with reference to a single trait, set of traits, or an entire complex of traits.
http://www.iscid.org/encyclopedia/Genotype

















Homologous-having the same alleles or genes in the same order of arrangement: homologous chromosomes. http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Homologous_chromosome



Diploid-having two similar complements of chromosomes http://biology.plosjournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-document&doi=10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.0050254&ct=1












Haploid-pertaining to a single set of chromosomes. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haploid_Cell



Meiosis-part of the process of gamete formation, consisting of chromosome conjugation and two cell divisions, in the course of which the diploid chromosome number becomes reduced to the haploid. http://youtube.com/watch?v=D1_-mQS_FZ0














Tetrad-a group of four chromatids formed by synapsis at the beginning of meiosis.
http://www.contexo.info/DNA_Basics/images/mimovchanged2.gif


Crossing-Over-The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes that occurs during meiosis and contributes to genetic variability. http://youtube.com/watch?v=ngmL8T3Hfg8











Gene Map-an arrangement of genes on a chromosome.http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/22827585/85/
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